@misc{Hadfield2026_261009584,
  title = {{Quantum Approximation Complexity of Classical Optimization Problems}},
  author = {Stuart Hadfield},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.09584},
  eprint = {2610.09584},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
}

@misc{Hadfield2026_260931520,
  title = {{Complexity Barriers to State Preparation in Quantum Approximate Optimization}},
  author = {Stuart Hadfield},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.31520},
  eprint = {2609.31520},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
}

@misc{Hadfield2026_260907090,
  title = {{Complexity Amplification from Compression in Quantum Random Access Optimization}},
  author = {Stuart Hadfield},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.07090},
  eprint = {2609.07090},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
}

@misc{Hadfield2026_260825151,
  title = {{No Free Compression in Quantum Relaxations for Optimization}},
  author = {Stuart Hadfield},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.25151},
  eprint = {2608.25151},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
}

@misc{Hadfield2026_260811385,
  title = {{Evaluating QAOA expectation values can be as hard as counting optimal solutions}},
  author = {Stuart Hadfield},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.11385},
  eprint = {2608.11385},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
}

@article{Hadfield2026_250902689,
  title = {{Quantum Davis-Putnam-Logemann-Loveland and generalized constraints in iterative quantum algorithms}},
  author = {Lucas T. Brady and Stuart Hadfield},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02689},
  eprint = {2509.02689},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Physical Review A 114, 022404},
  doi = {10.1103/8g3p-tyz1},
}

@misc{Hadfield2026_260713630,
  title = {{Separating Geometry From Interference in Constrained Quantum Optimization}},
  author = {Chinonso Onah and Stuart Hadfield and Kristel Michielsen},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.13630},
  eprint = {2607.13630},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
}

@misc{Hadfield2026_260709368,
  title = {{Quantum Approximate Optimization via Noise-Directed Adaptive Warm-Starting}},
  author = {Filip B. Maciejewski and Stuart Hadfield and Oscar Wallis and George Pennington and Sebastian Brandhofer and Stefan Woerner and Daniel J. Egger and Davide Venturelli},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.09368},
  eprint = {2607.09368},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
}

@inproceedings{Hadfield2026_260628234,
  title = {{Noise-Directed Adaptive Remapping for Integer Optimization: from qubits to (encoded) qudits}},
  author = {Stuart Hadfield and Filip B. Maciejewski and Davide Venturelli},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.28234},
  eprint = {2606.28234},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  booktitle = {2026 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE / Quantum Week)},
  note = {To appear},
}

@inproceedings{Hadfield2026_260426047,
  title = {{Iterative warm-start optimization with quantum imaginary time evolution}},
  author = {Phillip C. Lotshaw and Titus Morris and Stuart Hadfield and Ryan Bennink},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.26047},
  eprint = {2604.26047},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  booktitle = {2026 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE / Quantum Week)},
  note = {To appear},
}

@article{Hadfield2026_251221046,
  title = {{Measurement-driven Quantum Approximate Optimization}},
  author = {Stollenwerk, Tobias and Hadfield, Stuart},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.21046},
  eprint = {2512.21046},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Physical Review A},
  note = {To appear},
}

@article{Hadfield2025_240915426,
  title = {{Feedback-based optimally controlled quantum states}},
  author = {Lucas T. Brady and Stuart Hadfield},
  year = {2025},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.15426},
  eprint = {2409.15426},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Physical Review A 111, 062406},
  doi = {10.1103/physreva.111.062406},
}

@article{Hadfield2025_240401412,
  title = {{Improving Quantum Approximate Optimization by Noise-Directed Adaptive Remapping}},
  author = {Filip B. Maciejewski and Jacob Biamonte and Stuart Hadfield and Davide Venturelli},
  year = {2025},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.01412},
  eprint = {2404.01412},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Quantum 9, 1906},
  doi = {10.22331/q-2025-11-06-1906},
}

@article{Hadfield2024_230913110,
  title = {{Iterative quantum algorithms for maximum independent set}},
  author = {Lucas T. Brady and Stuart Hadfield},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.13110},
  eprint = {2309.13110},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Physical Review A 110, 052435},
  doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.110.052435},
}

@article{Hadfield2024_230812423,
  title = {{Design and execution of quantum circuits using tens of superconducting qubits and thousands of gates for dense Ising optimization problems}},
  author = {Filip B. Maciejewski and Stuart Hadfield and Benjamin Hall and Mark Hodson and Maxime Dupont and Bram Evert and James Sud and M. Sohaib Alam and Zhihui Wang and Stephen Jeffrey and Bhuvanesh Sundar and P. Aaron Lott and Shon Grabbe and Eleanor G. Rieffel and Matthew J. Reagor and Davide Venturelli},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.12423},
  eprint = {2308.12423},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Physical Review Applied 22, 044074},
  doi = {10.1103/physrevapplied.22.044074},
}

@article{Hadfield2024_240800075,
  title = {{Highly-efficient quantum Fourier transformations for certain non-Abelian groups}},
  author = {Edison M. Murairi and M. Sohaib Alam and Henry Lamm and Stuart Hadfield and Erik Gustafson},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.00075},
  eprint = {2408.00075},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Physical Review D 110, 074501},
  doi = {10.1103/physrevd.110.074501},
}

@article{Hadfield2024_240615601,
  title = {{Assessing and Advancing the Potential of Quantum Computing: A NASA Case Study}},
  author = {Eleanor G. Rieffel and Ata Akbari Asanjan and M. Sohaib Alam and Namit Anand and David E. Bernal Neira and Sophie Block and Lucas T. Brady and Steve Cotton and Zoe Gonzalez Izquierdo and Shon Grabbe and Erik Gustafson and Stuart Hadfield and P. Aaron Lott and Filip B. Maciejewski and Salvatore Mandrà and Jeffrey Marshall and Gianni Mossi and Humberto Munoz Bauza and Jason Saied and Nishchay Suri and Davide Venturelli and Zhihui Wang and Rupak Biswas},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.15601},
  eprint = {2406.15601},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Future Generation Computer Systems (2024)},
  doi = {10.1016/j.future.2024.06.012},
}

@inproceedings{Hadfield2024_240311514,
  title = {{Measurement-Based Quantum Approximate Optimization}},
  author = {Tobias Stollenwerk and Stuart Hadfield},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.11514},
  eprint = {2403.11514},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  booktitle = {2024 IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium Workshops (IPDPSW), 1115-1127},
  doi = {10.1109/ipdpsw63119.2024.00183},
}

@article{Hadfield2024_231202279,
  title = {{Challenges and Opportunities in Quantum Optimization}},
  author = {Amira Abbas and Andris Ambainis and Brandon Augustino and Andreas Bärtschi and Harry Buhrman and Carleton Coffrin and Giorgio Cortiana and Vedran Dunjko and Daniel J. Egger and Bruce G. Elmegreen and Nicola Franco and Filippo Fratini and Bryce Fuller and Julien Gacon and Constantin Gonciulea and Sander Gribling and Swati Gupta and Stuart Hadfield and Raoul Heese and Gerhard Kircher and Thomas Kleinert and Thorsten Koch and Georgios Korpas and Steve Lenk and Jakub Marecek and Vanio Markov and Guglielmo Mazzola and Stefano Mensa and Naeimeh Mohseni and Giacomo Nannicini and Corey O'Meara and Elena Peña Tapia and Sebastian Pokutta and Manuel Proissl and Patrick Rebentrost and Emre Sahin and Benjamin C. B. Symons and Sabine Tornow and Victor Valls and Stefan Woerner and Mira L. Wolf-Bauwens and Jon Yard and Sheir Yarkoni and Dirk Zechiel and Sergiy Zhuk and Christa Zoufal},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.02279},
  eprint = {2312.02279},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Nature Reviews Physics 6, 718–735},
  doi = {10.1038/s42254-024-00770-9},
}

@article{Hadfield2024_221109270,
  title = {{A Parameter Setting Heuristic for the Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz}},
  author = {James Sud and Stuart Hadfield and Eleanor Rieffel and Norm Tubman and Tad Hogg},
  year = {2024},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.09270},
  eprint = {2211.09270},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Physical Review Research 6:023171 (2024)},
  doi = {10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.023171},
}

@inproceedings{Hadfield2023_220401307,
  title = {{Diagrammatic Analysis for Parameterized Quantum Circuits}},
  author = {Tobias Stollenwerk and Stuart Hadfield},
  year = {2023},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.01307},
  eprint = {2204.01307},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  booktitle = {Quantum Physics and Logic (QPL 2022), EPTCS 394, 262–301 (2023)},
  doi = {10.4204/EPTCS.394.15},
}

@misc{Hadfield2023_230504455,
  title = {{Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA) beyond low depth with gradually changing unitaries}},
  author = {Vladimir Kremenetski and Anuj Apte and Tad Hogg and Stuart Hadfield and Norm M. Tubman},
  year = {2023},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.04455},
  eprint = {2305.04455},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
}

@article{Hadfield2023_220710007,
  title = {{Two-Unitary Decomposition Algorithm and Open Quantum System Simulation}},
  author = {Nishchay Suri and Joseph Barreto and Stuart Hadfield and Nathan Wiebe and Filip Wudarski and Jeffrey Marshall},
  year = {2023},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.10007},
  eprint = {2207.10007},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Quantum 7, 1002},
  doi = {10.22331/q-2023-05-15-1002},
}

@article{Hadfield2023_220314432,
  title = {{Encoding trade-offs and design toolkits in quantum algorithms for discrete optimization: coloring, routing, scheduling, and other problems}},
  author = {Nicolas PD Sawaya and Albert T Schmitz and Stuart Hadfield},
  year = {2023},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.14432},
  eprint = {2203.14432},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Quantum 7, 1111},
  doi = {10.22331/q-2023-09-14-1111},
}

@misc{Hadfield2022_221116522,
  title = {{Self-consistent Quantum Iteratively Sparsified Hamiltonian method (SQuISH): A new algorithm for efficient Hamiltonian simulation and compression}},
  author = {Diana B. Chamaki and Stuart Hadfield and Katherine Klymko and Bryan O'Gorman and Norm M. Tubman},
  year = {2022},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.16522},
  eprint = {2211.16522},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
}

@article{Hadfield2022_210910833,
  title = {{Bounds on approximating Max kXOR with quantum and classical local algorithms}},
  author = {Kunal Marwaha and Stuart Hadfield},
  year = {2022},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.10833},
  eprint = {2109.10833},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Quantum 6, 757 (2022)},
  doi = {10.22331/q-2022-07-07-757},
}

@article{Hadfield2022_210813305,
  title = {{Primitive Quantum Gates for Dihedral Gauge Theories}},
  author = {M. Sohaib Alam and Stuart Hadfield and Henry Lamm and Andy C. Y. Li},
  year = {2022},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.13305},
  eprint = {2108.13305},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. D 105, 114501 (2022)},
  doi = {10.1103/PhysRevD.105.114501},
}

@article{Hadfield2022_210506996,
  title = {{Analytical Framework for Quantum Alternating Operator Ansätze}},
  author = {Stuart Hadfield and Tad Hogg and Eleanor G. Rieffel},
  year = {2022},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.06996},
  eprint = {2105.06996},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Quantum Science and Technology 8, 015017},
  doi = {10.1088/2058-9565/aca3ce},
}

@misc{Hadfield2021_210813056,
  title = {{Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA) Phase Diagrams and Applications for Quantum Chemistry}},
  author = {Vladimir Kremenetski and Tad Hogg and Stuart Hadfield and Stephen J. Cotton and Norm M. Tubman},
  year = {2021},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.13056},
  eprint = {2108.13056},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
}

@article{Hadfield2021_190803185,
  title = {{Optimizing quantum heuristics with meta-learning}},
  author = {Max Wilson and Sam Stromswold and Filip Wudarski and Stuart Hadfield and Norm M. Tubman and Eleanor Rieffel},
  year = {2021},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.03185},
  eprint = {1908.03185},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Quantum Machine Intelligence 3, 13},
  doi = {10.1007/s42484-020-00022-w},
}

@article{Hadfield2021_210304502,
  title = {{Quantum-accelerated constraint programming}},
  author = {Kyle E. C. Booth and Bryan O'Gorman and Jeffrey Marshall and Stuart Hadfield and Eleanor Rieffel},
  year = {2021},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.04502},
  eprint = {2103.04502},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Quantum 5, 550 (2021)},
  doi = {10.22331/q-2021-09-28-550},
}

@article{Hadfield2021_201204713,
  title = {{Classical symmetries and the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm}},
  author = {Ruslan Shaydulin and Stuart Hadfield and Tad Hogg and Ilya Safro},
  year = {2021},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.04713},
  eprint = {2012.04713},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Quantum Information Processing 20, 359},
  doi = {10.1007/s11128-021-03298-4},
}

@article{Hadfield2021_200608526,
  title = {{Ferromagnetically shifting the power of pausing}},
  author = {Zoe Gonzalez Izquierdo and Shon Grabbe and Stuart Hadfield and Jeffrey Marshall and Zhihui Wang and Eleanor Rieffel},
  year = {2021},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.08526},
  eprint = {2006.08526},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. Applied 15, 044013 (2021)},
  doi = {10.1103/PhysRevApplied.15.044013},
}

@article{Hadfield2021_180409130,
  title = {{On the representation of Boolean and real functions as Hamiltonians for quantum computing}},
  author = {Stuart Hadfield},
  year = {2021},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.09130},
  eprint = {1804.09130},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {ACM Transactions on Quantum Computing 2(4)},
  doi = {10.1145/3478519},
}

@article{Hadfield2020_200211682,
  title = {{Characterizing local noise in QAOA circuits}},
  author = {Jeffrey Marshall and Filip Wudarski and Stuart Hadfield and Tad Hogg},
  year = {2020},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.11682},
  eprint = {2002.11682},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {IOP SciNotes 1, 025208 (2020)},
  doi = {10.1088/2633-1357/abb0d7},
}

@article{Hadfield2019_170903489,
  title = {{From the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm to a Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz}},
  author = {Stuart Hadfield and Zhihui Wang and Bryan O'Gorman and Eleanor G. Rieffel and Davide Venturelli and Rupak Biswas},
  year = {2019},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.03489},
  eprint = {1709.03489},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Algorithms 12(2), 34},
  doi = {10.3390/a12020034},
}

@phdthesis{Hadfield2018_180503265,
  title = {{Quantum Algorithms for Scientific Computing and Approximate Optimization}},
  author = {Stuart Hadfield},
  year = {2018},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.03265},
  eprint = {1805.03265},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  school = {Columbia University},
}

@article{Hadfield2018_170602998,
  title = {{Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm for MaxCut: A Fermionic View}},
  author = {Zhihui Wang and Stuart Hadfield and Zhang Jiang and Eleanor G. Rieffel},
  year = {2018},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.02998},
  eprint = {1706.02998},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. A 97, 022304 (2018)},
  doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.97.022304},
}

@inproceedings{Hadfield2017_pmes-2017-hard-soft-constraints,
  title = {{Quantum Approximate Optimization with Hard and Soft Constraints}},
  author = {Stuart Hadfield and Zhihui Wang and Eleanor G. Rieffel and Bryan O’Gorman and Davide Venturelli and Rupak Biswas},
  year = {2017},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3149526.3149530},
  booktitle = {Second International Workshop on Post Moore’s Era Supercomputing (PMES 2017), 15–21},
  doi = {10.1145/3149526.3149530},
}

@article{Hadfield2016_151108253,
  title = {{Quantum Algorithms and Circuits for Scientific Computing}},
  author = {Mihir K. Bhaskar and Stuart Hadfield and Anargyros Papageorgiou and Iasonas Petras},
  year = {2016},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.08253},
  eprint = {1511.08253},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Quantum Information and Computation. 16, no. 3&4 (2016): 0197-0236},
}

@article{Hadfield2015_150801544,
  title = {{Approximating Ground and Excited State Energies on a Quantum Computer}},
  author = {Stuart Hadfield and Anargyros Papageorgiou},
  year = {2015},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1508.01544},
  eprint = {1508.01544},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  journal = {Quantum Information Processing 14.4 (2015): 1151-1178},
  doi = {10.1007/s11128-015-0927-y},
}